diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.rst
index 9cfb822a6..952e3e2a2 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.rst
@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@ which is a base class for application layer protocols, eg.
 :class:`HTTP/2 <pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv2.HTTP>`
 and etc.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application._decode_next_layer`
+   and
+   :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application._import_next_layer`
+   accept the ``-1`` sentinel, so an application layer protocol can carry the
+   rest of its packet undissected as its payload; every call raised
+   :exc:`~pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.UnsupportedCall` (:issue:`719`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.rst
index 1a7043996..fbd965221 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.rst
@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ which implements extractor for File Transfer Protocol
 (FTP) [*]_, and :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.ftp.FTP_DATA`
 for its data channel.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A command or reply rebuilds byte for byte, its CRLF included, and keeps
+   the command's case and any octets that are not UTF-8 as captured. A line
+   with no argument and a multi-line reply, whole in one segment or not,
+   parse and rebuild as captured (:issue:`1238`, :issue:`1239`,
+   :issue:`1240`, :issue:`1241`, :issue:`1303`, :issue:`1333`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.application.ftp.FTP
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.rst
index b97f1c319..658d49785 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.rst
@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@ HTTP/1.* - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
 .. module:: pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1
 
 :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1` contains
-:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.HTTP`
-only, which implements extractor for Hypertext Transfer
-Protocol (HTTP/1.*) [*]_, whose structure is described
-as below:
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.HTTP`,
+which implements extractor for Hypertext Transfer
+Protocol (HTTP/1.*) [*]_, and its
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.Type` enumeration. The
+structure of an HTTP/1.* message is described as below:
 
 .. code-block:: text
 
@@ -23,6 +24,13 @@ as below:
    \r\n                        :==: RESPONSE SEPARATOR
    <body>                      :==: RESPONSE BODY (optional)
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A message rebuilds byte for byte: the whitespace of the start line and
+   header lines, and octets in them that are not UTF-8, are kept as captured
+   rather than normalised or re-encoded (:issue:`1241`, :issue:`1302`,
+   :issue:`1333`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.HTTP
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.rst
index d3ca4b12c..fe1cbb6c1 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.rst
@@ -20,6 +20,17 @@ Octets      Bits        Name                    Description
   9          72   ``http.payload``            Frame Payload
 ======= ========= ===================== ==========================
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A frame's Length counts its payload alone, not the 9-octet frame header,
+   as :rfc:`9113#section-4.1` defines it, and the payload is read to that
+   Length rather than to the end of the buffer (:issue:`1121`,
+   :issue:`1243`). A frame rebuilds byte for byte: ``END_STREAM``, undefined
+   flag bits, the reserved bits, a zero Pad Length, duplicate SETTINGS
+   entries and the payload of an unpadded DATA, HEADERS or PUSH_PROMISE frame
+   are kept (:issue:`652`, :issue:`668`, :issue:`1244`, :issue:`1245`,
+   :issue:`1246`, :issue:`1247`).
+
 .. raw:: html
 
    <br />
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.rst
index 9271442f2..ffcbeeb2c 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.rst
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Known Limitations
 * **NGAP over a fragmented SCTP association is not reassembled.** A DATA chunk
   is decoded on its own, so an ``NGAP-PDU`` split across chunks by SCTP
   fragmentation fails to decode rather than being reassembled first.
-* **Private IEs (``PrivateMessage``) carry no schema.** Their contents are
+* **Private IEs** (``PrivateMessage``) **carry no schema.** Their contents are
   vendor defined, so the generic conversion reports whatever ASN.1 shape the
   encoding declares and cannot name the fields.
 
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.rst
index 22071ec53..496b95941 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.rst
@@ -31,6 +31,25 @@ as below:
    16       128 ``ospf.auth``      Authentication
    ====== ===== ================== ===============================
 
+.. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+   Moved here from ``pcapkit.protocols.link.ospf``, with its data model and
+   header schema. :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.ospf.OSPF` derives
+   from :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application`, so
+   its layer is ``'Application'`` (:issue:`719`).
+
+.. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
+
+   ``pcapkit.protocols.link.ospf``, ``pcapkit.protocols.data.link.ospf`` and
+   ``pcapkit.protocols.schema.link.ospf``, with no alias (:issue:`719`).
+
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A rebuild keeps the parsed Packet Length and the octets past it, where
+   :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.ospf.OSPF.make` recomputed the
+   length from the payload and dropped those octets; it takes them as
+   ``packet_length`` and ``trailer`` (:issue:`1249`, :issue:`1455`).
+
 .. raw:: html
 
    <br />
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.rst
index 19d77bda3..a638d9065 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.rst
@@ -24,6 +24,19 @@ Octets      Bits        Name                    Description
   24        192   ``rarp.tpa``              Target Protocol Address
 ====== ========= ========================= =========================
 
+.. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+   Moved here from ``pcapkit.protocols.link.rarp``.
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.rarp.RARP` and
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.rarp.DRARP` derive from
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application` as well as
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.link.arp.ARP`, so their layer is
+   ``'Application'`` (:issue:`719`).
+
+.. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
+
+   ``pcapkit.protocols.link.rarp``, with no alias (:issue:`719`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.application.rarp.RARP
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap.rst
index d8f4a4ede..2d5aafa28 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap.rst
@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@ of PCAP, whose structure is described as below:
        guint32 network;        /* data link type */
    } pcap_hdr_t;
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A global header cut short rebuilds as captured, where it rebuilt at full
+   width (:issue:`1470`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcap.header.Header
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
@@ -54,8 +59,6 @@ of PCAP, whose structure is described as below:
 
    .. automethod:: _make_data
 
-   .. automethod:: __post_init__
-
 Header Schemas
 --------------
 
@@ -108,6 +111,14 @@ whose structure is described as below:
        guint32 orig_len;   /* actual length of packet */
    } pcaprec_hdr_t;
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   ``bytes(frame)`` and :attr:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcap.frame.Frame.packet`
+   hold this frame's own octets, where they held the next frame's
+   (:issue:`357`), and the parsed ``time`` is timezone-aware UTC. The parsed
+   ``len`` is the on-wire length and ``cap_len`` the captured one, where the
+   two were swapped (:issue:`618`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcap.frame.Frame
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.rst
index dcf0c92bc..4a2ee0439 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.rst
@@ -5,8 +5,28 @@ PCAP-NG File Format
 .. module:: pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng
 
 :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng` contains
-:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG` only,
-which implements extractor for PCAP-NG file format [*]_.
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG`,
+which implements extractor for PCAP-NG file format [*]_, and the
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PacketDirection`,
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PacketReception` and
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.WireGuardKeyLabel` enumerations.
+
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A block rebuilds as it was parsed, byte for byte: its lengths, padding,
+   byte order, flag bits and repeated options are kept, and so is a block
+   that is unknown, malformed, shorter than its fixed fields or cut short
+   (:issue:`1272`, :issue:`1273`, :issue:`1276`, :issue:`1277`,
+   :issue:`1278`, :issue:`1279`, :issue:`1280`, :issue:`1281`,
+   :issue:`1282`, :issue:`1283`, :issue:`1284`, :issue:`1382`,
+   :issue:`1383`, :issue:`1384`, :issue:`1405`, :issue:`1413`,
+   :issue:`1414`, :issue:`1422`, :issue:`1470`). A packet block keeps the
+   octets it captured (:issue:`646`); an option running past its block's
+   option area leaves the whole area kept as captured in ``options_raw``,
+   with a :exc:`~pcapkit.utilities.warnings.ProtocolWarning`, where it was
+   read as zeros (:issue:`594`, :issue:`1325`); a truncated capture does not
+   raise :exc:`ValueError` (:issue:`678`); and ``timestamp_epoch`` is not
+   shifted by the host's timezone (:issue:`361`).
 
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG
    :no-members:
@@ -206,7 +226,7 @@ IANA registry.
 .. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
 
    ``pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.TLSKeyLabel``, now
-   :class:`pcapkit.const.pcapng.tls_key_label.TLSKeyLabel` (:issue:`890`,
+   :class:`pcapkit.const.pcapng.tls_key_label.TLSKeyLabel` (:issue:`886`,
    :issue:`1744`).
 
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.WireGuardKeyLabel
diff --git a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.rst b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.rst
index da2dfe91a..266d1cb36 100644
--- a/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.rst
+++ b/docs/source/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.rst
@@ -18,6 +18,14 @@ derive from :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase`, whose metaclass
 is :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolMeta`; both are listed under
 Internal Definitions below.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   Constructing a protocol with a keyword that none of its signatures
+   declares raises :exc:`~pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.UnsupportedCall`,
+   where it was discarded (:issue:`617`). A next layer captured shorter than
+   its header is kept as :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.raw.Raw`, where it
+   was parsed with zero-filled fields (:issue:`1170`).
+
 .. autoclass:: pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol
    :no-members:
    :show-inheritance:
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.py
index e767098cd..5a4dcf941 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/application.py
@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@
 :class:`HTTP/1.* <pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.HTTP>` and
 :class:`HTTP/2 <pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv2.HTTP>`.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application._decode_next_layer`
+   and
+   :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application._import_next_layer`
+   accept the ``-1`` sentinel, so an application layer protocol can carry the
+   rest of its packet undissected as its payload; every call raised
+   :exc:`~pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.UnsupportedCall` (:issue:`719`).
+
 """
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Generic, overload
 
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.py
index 3cc561c1d..5ab11f1c4 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/ftp.py
@@ -13,6 +13,14 @@
 
 .. [*] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A command or reply rebuilds byte for byte, its CRLF included, and keeps
+   the command's case and any octets that are not UTF-8 as captured. A line
+   with no argument and a multi-line reply, whole in one segment or not,
+   parse and rebuild as captured (:issue:`1238`, :issue:`1239`,
+   :issue:`1240`, :issue:`1241`, :issue:`1303`, :issue:`1333`).
+
 """
 import re
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
@@ -113,7 +121,7 @@ def read(self, length: 'Optional[int]' = None, **kwargs: 'Any') -> 'Data_FTP':
         # NOTE: A multi-line reply (:rfc:`959#section-4`) may arrive whole in one
         # segment. Its first line is parsed as any reply line, and the lines
         # after it are kept as received in ``lines``. A segment holding anything
-        # else -- no closing line, or more after it -- is refused as before.
+        # else -- no closing line, or more after it -- is refused.
         line, lines = data, ()  # type: bytes, tuple[bytes, ...]
         if FTP_RESPONSE.match(data) is None and data.endswith(b'\r\n'):
             first, _, rest = data.partition(b'\r\n')
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/http.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/http.py
index f0adf15d4..0e1725b50 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/http.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/http.py
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ def _guess_version(self, length: 'int', **kwargs: 'Any') -> 'HTTP':
             Two things this deliberately does **not** decide, because one payload
             with no flow context cannot:
 
-            * **An ``Upgrade: h2c`` exchange** (:rfc:`7540#section-3.2`,
+            * **An** ``Upgrade: h2c`` **exchange** (:rfc:`7540#section-3.2`,
               deprecated but not removed by :rfc:`9113#section-3.1`) stays
               HTTP/1.1 here, and is *correctly* HTTP/1.1: on the wire the upgrade
               request and its ``101 Switching Protocols`` response are HTTP/1.1
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ def _guess_version(self, length: 'int', **kwargs: 'Any') -> 'HTTP':
               preface ahead of it, or an opaque HTTP/1 message body -- is
               genuinely undecidable from one payload, and the honest answer is
               the ``Raw`` that an escaping ``ProtocolError`` becomes under
-              :func:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.raw.beholder`. The nine-octet frame
+              :func:`~pcapkit.corekit.decorators.beholder`. The nine-octet frame
               header is therefore never used to *identify* HTTP/2 ahead of
               HTTP/1: as identification it misfires on binary HTTP/1 bodies,
               which is precisely how garbage text was classified HTTP/2 to begin
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.py
index 1eaf70c14..f2448191e 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv1.py
@@ -5,10 +5,11 @@
 .. module:: pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1
 
 :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1` contains
-:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.HTTP`
-only, which implements extractor for Hypertext Transfer
-Protocol (HTTP/1.*) [*]_, whose structure is described
-as below:
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.HTTP`,
+which implements extractor for Hypertext Transfer
+Protocol (HTTP/1.*) [*]_, and its
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.httpv1.Type` enumeration. The
+structure of an HTTP/1.* message is described as below:
 
 .. code-block:: text
 
@@ -26,6 +27,13 @@
 
 .. [*] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A message rebuilds byte for byte: the whitespace of the start line and
+   header lines, and octets in them that are not UTF-8, are kept as captured
+   rather than normalised or re-encoded (:issue:`1241`, :issue:`1302`,
+   :issue:`1333`).
+
 """
 import re
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.py
index 04335ea06..322351532 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/httpv2.py
@@ -23,6 +23,17 @@
 
 .. [*] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/2
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A frame's Length counts its payload alone, not the 9-octet frame header,
+   as :rfc:`9113#section-4.1` defines it, and the payload is read to that
+   Length rather than to the end of the buffer (:issue:`1121`,
+   :issue:`1243`). A frame rebuilds byte for byte: ``END_STREAM``, undefined
+   flag bits, the reserved bits, a zero Pad Length, duplicate SETTINGS
+   entries and the payload of an unpadded DATA, HEADERS or PUSH_PROMISE frame
+   are kept (:issue:`652`, :issue:`668`, :issue:`1244`, :issue:`1245`,
+   :issue:`1246`, :issue:`1247`).
+
 """
 import collections
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, cast
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.py
index 835aaa225..b0b3c6a79 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/ngap.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 * **NGAP over a fragmented SCTP association is not reassembled.** A DATA chunk
   is decoded on its own, so an ``NGAP-PDU`` split across chunks by SCTP
   fragmentation fails to decode rather than being reassembled first.
-* **Private IEs (``PrivateMessage``) carry no schema.** Their contents are
+* **Private IEs** (``PrivateMessage``) **carry no schema.** Their contents are
   vendor defined, so the generic conversion reports whatever ASN.1 shape the
   encoding declares and cannot name the fields.
 
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def load_pycrate() -> 'Optional[Any]':
 # dependency this module needs to decode NGAP at all. They therefore live under
 # pcapkit.const.ngap, generated by pcapkit.vendor.ngap.procedure_code and
 # pcapkit.vendor.ngap.protocol_ie, and are imported here as Enum_ProcedureCode
-# and Enum_ProtocolIE; this module no longer re-exports them under their
+# and Enum_ProtocolIE; this module does not re-export them under their
 # original names (#1744). Only the vendor crawler that generates the const module
 # needs pycrate; neither this module nor the generated one does at import.
 #
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.py
index b5bff2ec3..49c0f985a 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/ospf.py
@@ -34,6 +34,25 @@
 
 .. [*] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First
 
+.. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+   Moved here from ``pcapkit.protocols.link.ospf``, with its data model and
+   header schema. :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.ospf.OSPF` derives
+   from :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application`, so
+   its layer is ``'Application'`` (:issue:`719`).
+
+.. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
+
+   ``pcapkit.protocols.link.ospf``, ``pcapkit.protocols.data.link.ospf`` and
+   ``pcapkit.protocols.schema.link.ospf``, with no alias (:issue:`719`).
+
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A rebuild keeps the parsed Packet Length and the octets past it, where
+   :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.ospf.OSPF.make` recomputed the
+   length from the payload and dropped those octets; it takes them as
+   ``packet_length`` and ``trailer`` (:issue:`1249`, :issue:`1455`).
+
 """
 import ipaddress
 import re
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.py b/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.py
index 2be5bcde6..22b035483 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/application/rarp.py
@@ -27,6 +27,19 @@
 
 .. [*] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol
 
+.. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+   Moved here from ``pcapkit.protocols.link.rarp``.
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.rarp.RARP` and
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.rarp.DRARP` derive from
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.application.application.Application` as well as
+   :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.link.arp.ARP`, so their layer is
+   ``'Application'`` (:issue:`719`).
+
+.. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
+
+   ``pcapkit.protocols.link.rarp``, with no alias (:issue:`719`).
+
 """
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/data/application/ospf.py b/pcapkit/protocols/data/application/ospf.py
index e1fe7806c..cc9b60624 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/data/application/ospf.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/data/application/ospf.py
@@ -18,7 +18,20 @@
 
 @info_final
 class CryptographicAuthentication(Data):
-    """Data model for OSPF cryptographic authentication."""
+    """Data model for OSPF cryptographic authentication.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+       Renamed from ``CrytographicAuthentication``, which
+       :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.data` exported as
+       ``OSPF_CrytographicAuthentication`` (:issue:`1090`).
+
+    .. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
+
+       ``CrytographicAuthentication`` and ``OSPF_CrytographicAuthentication``,
+       with no alias (:issue:`1090`).
+
+    """
 
     #: The two reserved octets, as captured.
     reserved: 'bytes'
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/__init__.py b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/__init__.py
index f3baa62bd..65e395ed2 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/__init__.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/__init__.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.misc` contains the auxiliary protocol implementations.
 Such includes the :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.raw.Raw` class for not-supported
 protocols, the :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.null.NoPayload` class for
-indication of empty payload, and PCAP header classes.
+indication of empty payload, and the PCAP and PCAP-NG file format classes.
 
 """
 
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/frame.py b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/frame.py
index d5c8ed700..0f49e5927 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/frame.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/frame.py
@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@
 
 .. [*] https://wiki.wireshark.org/Development/LibpcapFileFormat#Record_.28Packet.29_Header
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   ``bytes(frame)`` and :attr:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcap.frame.Frame.packet`
+   hold this frame's own octets, where they held the next frame's
+   (:issue:`357`), and the parsed ``time`` is timezone-aware UTC. The parsed
+   ``len`` is the on-wire length and ``cap_len`` the captured one, where the
+   two were swapped (:issue:`618`).
+
 """
 import collections
 import datetime
@@ -62,7 +70,7 @@ class Frame(ProtocolBase[Data_Frame, Schema_Frame],
             schema=Schema_Frame, data=Data_Frame):
     """Per packet frame header extractor.
 
-    This class currently supports parsing of the following protocols, which are
+    This class supports parsing of the following protocols, which are
     registered in the :attr:`self.__proto__ <pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcap.frame.Frame.__proto__>`
     attribute:
 
@@ -142,11 +150,11 @@ def register(cls, code: 'Enum_LinkType', protocol: 'ModuleDescriptor[ProtocolBas
         Arguments:
             code: protocol code as in :class:`~pcapkit.const.reg.linktype.LinkType`
             protocol: module descriptor or a
-                :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol` subclass
+                :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase` subclass
 
         Raises:
             pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.RegistryError: If ``protocol`` is not a
-                class, or not a :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol` subclass.
+                class, or not a :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase` subclass.
 
         Warns:
             pcapkit.utilities.warnings.RegistryWarning: If this link type is
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/header.py b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/header.py
index 1ec2c64bf..a4bccf661 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/header.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcap/header.py
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@
 
 .. [*] https://wiki.wireshark.org/Development/LibpcapFileFormat#Global_Header
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A global header cut short rebuilds as captured, where it rebuilt at full
+   width (:issue:`1470`).
+
 """
 import io
 import operator
@@ -51,7 +56,7 @@
 #: The PCAP magic number for each byte order and nanosecond flag, the reverse of
 #: :data:`~pcapkit.protocols.schema.misc.pcap.header.MAGIC_NUMBER`, so that
 #: :meth:`Header._make_magic` looks one up rather than searching for it -- an
-#: undeclared pair raises :exc:`KeyError`, as it did before :issue:`1739`.
+#: undeclared pair raises :exc:`KeyError`.
 _DECLARED_MAGIC = {declared: magic for magic, declared in MAGIC_NUMBER.items()}
 
 
@@ -145,8 +150,7 @@ def read(self, length: 'Optional[int]' = None, **kwargs: 'Any') -> 'Data_Header'
 
         _magn = schema.magic_number
         # NOTE: looked up as :obj:`bytes`, so that a :obj:`bytearray` magic
-        # number is matched as it was compared before :issue:`1739` rather
-        # than rejected as unhashable.
+        # number is matched rather than rejected as unhashable.
         _decl = (MAGIC_NUMBER.get(bytes(_magn))
                  if isinstance(_magn, (bytes, bytearray, memoryview)) else None)
         if _decl is None:
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.py b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.py
index 4e3c5c6b5..a0c973a87 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/misc/pcapng.py
@@ -6,17 +6,37 @@
 .. module:: pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng
 
 :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng` contains
-:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG` only,
-which implements extractor for PCAP-NG file format [*]_.
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG`,
+which implements extractor for PCAP-NG file format [*]_, and the
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PacketDirection`,
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PacketReception` and
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.WireGuardKeyLabel` enumerations.
 
 .. [*] https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-tuexen-opsawg-pcapng-03.html
 
 .. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
 
    ``pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.TLSKeyLabel``, now
-   :class:`pcapkit.const.pcapng.tls_key_label.TLSKeyLabel` (:issue:`890`,
+   :class:`pcapkit.const.pcapng.tls_key_label.TLSKeyLabel` (:issue:`886`,
    :issue:`1744`).
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   A block rebuilds as it was parsed, byte for byte: its lengths, padding,
+   byte order, flag bits and repeated options are kept, and so is a block
+   that is unknown, malformed, shorter than its fixed fields or cut short
+   (:issue:`1272`, :issue:`1273`, :issue:`1276`, :issue:`1277`,
+   :issue:`1278`, :issue:`1279`, :issue:`1280`, :issue:`1281`,
+   :issue:`1282`, :issue:`1283`, :issue:`1284`, :issue:`1382`,
+   :issue:`1383`, :issue:`1384`, :issue:`1405`, :issue:`1413`,
+   :issue:`1414`, :issue:`1422`, :issue:`1470`). A packet block keeps the
+   octets it captured (:issue:`646`); an option running past its block's
+   option area leaves the whole area kept as captured in ``options_raw``,
+   with a :exc:`~pcapkit.utilities.warnings.ProtocolWarning`, where it was
+   read as zeros (:issue:`594`, :issue:`1325`); a truncated capture does not
+   raise :exc:`ValueError` (:issue:`678`); and ``timestamp_epoch`` is not
+   shifted by the host's timezone (:issue:`361`).
+
 """
 import base64
 import builtins
@@ -399,7 +419,7 @@ def _missing_(cls, value: 'object') -> 'PacketReception':
 # closed, hand-picked set, so the TLS key label enumeration is the generated
 # :class:`pcapkit.const.pcapng.tls_key_label.TLSKeyLabel`, imported above as
 # ``Enum_TLSKeyLabel`` like its seven :mod:`pcapkit.const.pcapng` siblings. This
-# module no longer re-exports it under the unaliased name (:issue:`1744`).
+# module does not re-export it under the unaliased name (:issue:`1744`).
 # :class:`WireGuardKeyLabel` below stays hand-written: it is a closed set
 # (draft-ietf-opsawg-pcapng-06 section 4.7's "is one of" four names), not a
 # registry, so filing it under :mod:`pcapkit.const` would misrepresent it as
@@ -426,7 +446,7 @@ class PCAPNG(ProtocolBase[Data_PCAPNG, Schema_PCAPNG],
              schema=Schema_PCAPNG, data=Data_PCAPNG):
     """PCAP-NG file block extractor.
 
-    The class currently supports parsing of the following protocols, which are
+    The class supports parsing of the following protocols, which are
     registered in the :attr:`self.__proto__ <pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG.__proto__>`
     attribute:
 
@@ -450,7 +470,7 @@ class PCAPNG(ProtocolBase[Data_PCAPNG, Schema_PCAPNG],
     its data is dispatched as ``IPV4`` or ``IPV6`` by the version nibble of
     its first octet, see :meth:`_dispatch_linktype`.
 
-    The class currently supports parsing of the following block types, which
+    The class supports parsing of the following block types, which
     are registered in the :attr:`self.__block__ <pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG.__block__>`
     attribute:
 
@@ -494,7 +514,7 @@ class PCAPNG(ProtocolBase[Data_PCAPNG, Schema_PCAPNG],
          - :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG._read_block_packet`
          - :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG._make_block_packet`
 
-    The class currently supports parsing of the following option types, which
+    The class supports parsing of the following option types, which
     are registered in the :attr:`self.__option__ <pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG.__option__>`
     attribute:
 
@@ -619,7 +639,7 @@ class PCAPNG(ProtocolBase[Data_PCAPNG, Schema_PCAPNG],
          - :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG._read_option_pack_hash`
          - :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG._make_option_pack_hash`
 
-    The class currently supports parsing of the following name resolution
+    The class supports parsing of the following name resolution
     record types, which are registered in the :attr:`self.__record__ <pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG.__record__>`
     attribute:
 
@@ -639,7 +659,7 @@ class PCAPNG(ProtocolBase[Data_PCAPNG, Schema_PCAPNG],
          - :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG._read_record_ipv6`
          - :meth:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG._make_record_ipv6`
 
-    The class currently supports parsing of the following decryption secrets
+    The class supports parsing of the following decryption secrets
     types, which are registered in the :attr:`self.__secrets__ <pcapkit.protocols.misc.pcapng.PCAPNG.__secrets__>`
     attribute:
 
@@ -1018,11 +1038,11 @@ def register(cls, code: 'Enum_LinkType', protocol: 'ModuleDescriptor[ProtocolBas
         Arguments:
             code: protocol code as in :class:`~pcapkit.const.reg.linktype.LinkType`
             protocol: module descriptor or a
-                :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol` subclass
+                :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase` subclass
 
         Raises:
             pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.RegistryError: If ``protocol`` is not a
-                class, or not a :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol` subclass.
+                class, or not a :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase` subclass.
 
         Warns:
             pcapkit.utilities.warnings.RegistryWarning: If this link type is
@@ -1618,7 +1638,7 @@ def _get_payload(self) -> 'bytes':
             Payload of :attr:`self.__header__ <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol.__header__>` as :obj:`bytes`.
 
         See Also:
-            This is a wrapper function for :meth:`pcapkit.protocols.schema.Schema.get_payload`.
+            This is a wrapper function for :meth:`pcapkit.protocols.schema.schema.Schema.get_payload`.
 
         Note:
             A packet block kept as captured has no payload (see
@@ -1889,8 +1909,8 @@ def _read_padding(schema: 'Schema', data: 'Any', name: 'str' = 'padding',
                 form a fresh build writes -- rather than whenever there are any.
 
         The octets are kept as ``key`` only when there is something a rebuild
-        would otherwise lose, so a data model reading as before for well-formed
-        input gains no key (:issue:`1437`). :meth:`_make_padding` writes them back.
+        would otherwise lose, so the data model of well-formed input gains no
+        key (:issue:`1437`). :meth:`_make_padding` writes them back.
 
         """
         padding = schema.__dict__.get(name)
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.py b/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.py
index 5fc80574b..5e44b1058 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/protocol.py
@@ -6,9 +6,18 @@
 .. module:: pcapkit.protocols.protocol
 
 :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.protocol` contains
-:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol` only, which is
-an abstract base class for all protocol family, with pre-defined
-utility arguments and methods of specified protocols.
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol`, the abstract base class for a
+new protocol stack, and :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase`,
+from which the built-in protocol families derive, with its metaclass
+:class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolMeta`.
+
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+   Constructing a protocol with a keyword that none of its signatures
+   declares raises :exc:`~pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.UnsupportedCall`,
+   where it was discarded (:issue:`617`). A next layer captured shorter than
+   its header is kept as :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.misc.raw.Raw`, where it
+   was parsed with zero-filled fields (:issue:`1170`).
 
 .. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
 
@@ -346,9 +355,14 @@ def _check_construction_keywords(cls: 'type', kwargs: 'dict[str, Any]',
 
     Args:
         cls: Protocol class being constructed.
-        kwargs: Keywords remaining after :meth:`ProtocolBase.__init__
-            <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase.__init__>` has consumed the
-            out-of-band ones.
+        kwargs: Construction keywords to check, the out-of-band ones left out.
+            :meth:`ProtocolBase.__init__
+            <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase.__init__>` passes those
+            remaining after it has consumed them; :meth:`ProtocolBase.from_data
+            <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase.from_data>` passes its
+            caller's own, less ``_layer``, ``_protocol`` and ``__context__``,
+            before :meth:`ProtocolBase._make_data
+            <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase._make_data>` adds to them.
         strict: Whether an unexpected keyword is an error. :data:`True` for a
             caller's own construction; :data:`False` when the keywords were
             generated by :meth:`ProtocolBase._make_data
@@ -357,8 +371,8 @@ def _check_construction_keywords(cls: 'type', kwargs: 'dict[str, Any]',
             <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase.from_data>`.
 
     Raises:
-        UnsupportedCall: If ``strict`` and any keyword matches no parameter of
-            :data:`_KEYWORD_CONSUMERS` anywhere in the MRO of ``cls``.
+        UnsupportedCall: If ``strict`` and any keyword is not among those
+            :func:`_declared_keywords` collects for ``cls``.
 
     Warns:
         UnknownFieldWarning: The same finding when not ``strict``.
@@ -761,6 +775,13 @@ def pack(self, **kwargs: 'Any') -> 'bytes':
             global packet data to underlying methods. This is useful when
             the packet data is not available in the current instance.
 
+            The octets are built from ``kwargs`` alone, through :meth:`make`;
+            the instance's own parsed or constructed state is not read. A bare
+            ``SomeProtocol(...).pack()`` therefore returns the octets of a
+            default header, not the instance's: :attr:`data` holds those. The
+            schema made here also replaces the instance's
+            :attr:`__header__ <Protocol.__header__>`.
+
         """
         self.__header__ = self.make(**kwargs)
         #: bool: If the made header may hold raw items (see :meth:`unpack`).
@@ -951,7 +972,7 @@ def register(cls, code: 'int', protocol: 'ModuleDescriptor | Type[ProtocolBase]'
         Arguments:
             code: protocol code
             protocol: module descriptor or a
-                :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.Protocol` subclass
+                :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase` subclass
 
         Raises:
             pcapkit.utilities.exceptions.RegistryError: If ``protocol`` is not a
@@ -1361,7 +1382,7 @@ def __init_subclass__(cls, /, schema: 'Optional[Type[_ST]]' = None,
             :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.schema.misc.raw.Raw` and
             :class:`~pcapkit.protocols.data.misc.raw.Raw` classes will be used.
 
-        Dispatch registration is **opt-in**, like the ``name=``/``protocol=``/
+        Dispatch registration is **opt-in**, like the ``engine=``/``protocol=``/
         ``fmt=`` keywords of :class:`~pcapkit.foundation.engines.engine.Engine`,
         :class:`~pcapkit.foundation.reassembly.reassembly.Reassembly`,
         :class:`~pcapkit.foundation.traceflow.traceflow.TraceFlow` and
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/application/ospf.py b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/application/ospf.py
index c28108c74..58e482acf 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/application/ospf.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/application/ospf.py
@@ -41,7 +41,20 @@ def ospf_auth_data_selector(pkt: 'dict[str, Any]') -> 'Field':
 
 @schema_final
 class CryptographicAuthentication(Schema):
-    """Header schema for OSPF cryptographic authentication."""
+    """Header schema for OSPF cryptographic authentication.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.5.0
+
+       Renamed from ``CrytographicAuthentication``, which
+       :mod:`pcapkit.protocols.schema` exported as
+       ``OSPF_CrytographicAuthentication`` (:issue:`1090`).
+
+    .. versionremoved:: 1.5.0
+
+       ``CrytographicAuthentication`` and ``OSPF_CrytographicAuthentication``,
+       with no alias (:issue:`1090`).
+
+    """
 
     #: Reserved bytes.
     reserved: 'bytes' = PaddingField(length=2)
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcap/header.py b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcap/header.py
index 42c66a886..631d9d067 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcap/header.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcap/header.py
@@ -71,8 +71,7 @@ def magic_number_callback(field: 'NumberField', packet: 'dict[str, Any]') -> 'No
     """
     magic_number = packet['magic_number']
     # NOTE: looked up as :obj:`bytes`, so that a :obj:`bytearray` magic number
-    # is matched as it was compared before :issue:`1739` rather than rejected
-    # as unhashable.
+    # is matched rather than rejected as unhashable.
     declared = (MAGIC_NUMBER.get(bytes(magic_number))
                 if isinstance(magic_number, (bytes, bytearray, memoryview)) else None)
     if declared is None:
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcapng.py b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcapng.py
index b1c1d36aa..d8e8c7081 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcapng.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/misc/pcapng.py
@@ -737,8 +737,9 @@ def post_process(self, value: 'int | bytes', packet: 'dict[str, Any]') -> 'Enum_
             instead of ``get()``'s own miss path, for pickle-safety: that method
             carries its own ``__reduce_ex__``, so a member built this way
             round-trips through :mod:`pickle` -- see its own docstring -- which
-            :meth:`~pcapkit.const.pcapng.option_type.OptionType.
-            _unregistered_member`'s override, the miss path, does not. The override's
+            the override of
+            :meth:`~pcapkit.const.pcapng.option_type.OptionType._unregistered_member`,
+            the miss path, does not. The override's
             :attr:`~pcapkit.const.pcapng.option_type.OptionType._value_` is the
             *formatted* display string (``'opt_unknown [8888]'``, not ``8888``),
             so ``pickle.dumps`` on one succeeds but ``pickle.loads`` of the result
@@ -897,6 +898,11 @@ class NewOption(Option, ns='opt', code=Enum_OptionType.opt_new):
         See Also:
             - :class:`pcapkit.const.pcapng.option_type.OptionType`
 
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+           The class keyword ``namespace`` is renamed ``ns``, with no alias
+           (:issue:`439`).
+
         """
         # NOTE: the base hook goes first, before any of the registration work
         # below -- see :meth:`EnumSchema.__init_subclass__`, which makes the same
diff --git a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/schema.py b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/schema.py
index e0db58131..7924216a6 100644
--- a/pcapkit/protocols/schema/schema.py
+++ b/pcapkit/protocols/schema/schema.py
@@ -78,6 +78,12 @@ class marked with a user's own ``from typing import final`` on 3.10 is
             :attr:`~pcapkit.corekit.infoclass.FinalisedState.FINAL` in its own
             ``__dict__``. The class is returned untouched.
 
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.5.0
+
+       A class finalised with ``_finalised=True`` refuses to be subclassed,
+       and a schema marked ``@final`` without this decorator cannot be
+       instantiated (:issue:`778`).
+
     :meta decorator:
     """
     # NOTE: keyed on ``__finalised__`` rather than on ``final``'s ``__final__``,
@@ -378,7 +384,8 @@ class Schema(Mapping[str, _VT], Generic[_VT], metaclass=SchemaMeta):
         __fields__: 'OrderedDict[str, FieldBase]'
         #: Mapping of field names to packed values.
         __buffer__: 'dict[str, bytes]'
-        #: Flag for whether the schema is recently updated.
+        #: Whether the schema has changed since it was last packed, so that
+        #: :meth:`__bytes__` packs it again.
         __updated__: 'bool'
         #: Octets of an enclosing :class:`~pcapkit.corekit.fields.misc.SchemaField`
         #: span that this nested schema left unread; set only when non-empty.
@@ -440,6 +447,16 @@ def __new__(cls, *args: '_VT', **kwargs: '_VT') -> 'Self':  # pylint: disable=un
         the same signature as specified in class variables' type annotations,
         which is inspired by :pep:`557` (:mod:`dataclasses`).
 
+        Note:
+            Whether ``cls`` still needs finalising is read from its *own*
+            ``__dict__``, never inherited (GitHub issue :issue:`1498`). Each
+            class is finalised on its first construction, whatever its
+            ancestors' state, so a subclass of a
+            :attr:`~pcapkit.corekit.infoclass.FinalisedState.BASE` ancestor
+            still gets its own ``__builtin__``, ``__excluded__`` and generated
+            ``__init__``, and a ``@final`` class under a ``BASE`` ancestor is
+            refused like any other.
+
         Args:
             *args: Arbitrary positional arguments.
             **kwargs: Arbitrary keyword arguments.
@@ -451,16 +468,6 @@ def __new__(cls, *args: '_VT', **kwargs: '_VT') -> 'Self':  # pylint: disable=un
                 ``__dict__`` without
                 :attr:`~pcapkit.corekit.infoclass.FinalisedState.FINAL`.
 
-        Note:
-            Whether ``cls`` still needs finalising is read from its *own*
-            ``__dict__``, never inherited (GitHub issue :issue:`1498`). Each
-            class is finalised on its first construction, whatever its
-            ancestors' state, so a subclass of a
-            :attr:`~pcapkit.corekit.infoclass.FinalisedState.BASE` ancestor
-            still gets its own ``__builtin__``, ``__excluded__`` and generated
-            ``__init__``, and a ``@final`` class under a ``BASE`` ancestor is
-            refused like any other.
-
         """
         # NOTE: first instantiation is the earliest point a bare ``@final`` can
         # be caught -- ``final`` runs after the class object exists, so
@@ -828,7 +835,7 @@ class will consider negative value as a placeholder.
             if isinstance(field, PayloadField):
                 # NOTE: ``ProtocolBase``, not ``Protocol``: ``Protocol`` is a thin
                 # subclass that only adds auto-registration for externally defined
-                # engines, and no protocol in the library subclasses it. Testing
+                # protocols, and no protocol in the library subclasses it. Testing
                 # against it would send any protocol instance -- which is exactly
                 # what :meth:`ProtocolBase._make_payload
                 # <pcapkit.protocols.protocol.ProtocolBase._make_payload>` returns,