diff --git a/lib/internal/perf/timerify.js b/lib/internal/perf/timerify.js
index f9e9b8a39d99..045fd471c1e9 100644
--- a/lib/internal/perf/timerify.js
+++ b/lib/internal/perf/timerify.js
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ function processComplete(name, start, args, histogram) {
   enqueue(entry);
 }
 
+function onThenableFulfilled(name, start, args, histogram, value) {
+  processComplete(name, start, args, histogram);
+  return value;
+}
+
 function timerify(fn, options = kEmptyObject) {
   validateFunction(fn, 'fn');
 
@@ -74,10 +79,15 @@ function timerify(fn, options = kEmptyObject) {
     const result = isConstructorCall ?
       ReflectConstruct(fn, args, fn) :
       ReflectApply(fn, this, args);
-    if (!isConstructorCall && typeof result?.finally === 'function') {
-      return result.finally(
+    if (!isConstructorCall && typeof result?.then === 'function') {
+      // Only record on fulfillment, not rejection, so a function that
+      // returns a rejected thenable behaves the same as one that throws
+      // synchronously (neither reaches `processComplete()`). A plain
+      // `.finally()` would record in both cases, and thenables are only
+      // required to implement `then()`.
+      return result.then(
         FunctionPrototypeBind(
-          processComplete,
+          onThenableFulfilled,
           result,
           fn.name,
           start,
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-perf-hooks-timerify-async-error.js b/test/parallel/test-perf-hooks-timerify-async-error.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..662b1275a31f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-perf-hooks-timerify-async-error.js
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Test that a timerified function which returns a rejected promise behaves
+// the same as one that throws synchronously: no performance timeline entry
+// and no histogram record.
+
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { timerify, PerformanceObserver, createHistogram } = require('perf_hooks');
+
+const obs = new PerformanceObserver(common.mustNotCall());
+obs.observe({ entryTypes: ['function'] });
+
+const histogram = createHistogram();
+const n = timerify(async () => {
+  throw new Error('test');
+}, { histogram });
+
+assert.rejects(n(), /^Error: test$/).then(common.mustCall(() => {
+  assert.strictEqual(histogram.count, 0);
+  obs.disconnect();
+}));